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(詳細はEuromaidan ((ウクライナ語:Євромайдан), , literally "Eurosquare") was a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine, which began on the night of 21 November 2013 with very large public protests demanding closer European integration. The scope of the protests evolved over subsequent months, culminating in resignation of Azarov's government and ousting of President Yanukovych.〔(Timeline: Political crisis in Ukraine and Russia's occupation of Crimea ), Reuters (8 March 2014)〕 Protesters also have stated they joined because of the dispersal of protesters on 30 November and "a will to change life in Ukraine".〔 By 25 January 2014 the protests had been fueled by the perception of widespread government corruption, abuse of power, and violation of human rights in Ukraine.〔(Yanukovych Offers Opposition Leaders Key Posts ), Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (25 January 2014)〕 ==21–29 November 2013== Euromaidan started in the night of 21 November 2013 when up to 2,000 protesters gathered at Kiev's Maidan Nezalezhnosti and began to organize themselves with the help of social networks.〔(Ukrainians to celebrate Day of Dignity and Freedom on November 21, Unity Day on January 22 ), Interfax-Ukraine (13 November 2014) (Противники приостановки евроинтеграции Украины в ночи вышли на улицы Киева ''Opponents of suspension Ukraine's European integration in the night took to the streets of Kiev'' ), NEWSru (22 November 2013)〕 After he heard of the Ukrainian government decree to suspend preparations for signing of the Association Agreement on 21 November 2013,〔〔 opposition party Batkivshchyna faction leader Arseniy Yatsenyuk called, via Twitter, for protests (which he dubbed as #Euromaidan) on Maidan Nezalezhnosti.〔 (Post by Arseniy Yatsenyuk ), Twitter (21 November 2013)〕 The blog of Yuri Andreev on ''Korrespondent.net'' asked people to gather on Maidan Nezalezhnosti that day at 22:30.〔 (УВАГА! Збір сьогодні на Майдані Незалежності о 22:30!!! ''Watch out! Gather today at Maidan Nezalezhnosti at 22:30!!'' ), Korrespondent.net (21 November 2013)〕 Approximately 2,000 people converged in the evening of 22 November on Maidan Nezalezhnosti (Independence Square) to protest the decision of the Ukrainian government to suspend the process of integration of Ukraine into the European Union. In the following days, the opposition and pro-EU parties led the protests. A larger rally took place on 24 November, when 50,000 to 200,000 people gathered on Kiev's Maidan Nezalezhnosti. The pro-EU demonstrators carrying Ukrainian and EU flags chanted "Ukraine is Europe" and sang the national anthem as they marched toward European Square for the rally. News agencies claimed this to be the largest protest since the Orange Revolution of 2004. After a small group of protesters attempted to storm the Government Building, police used tear gas to disperse them. Protesters also used tear gas and some fire crackers (according to police protesters were first to use them). According to the General Prosecutor's Office, more than 400 people were injured from 24 November to 13 December, including 200 policemen and 18 students. On 25 November jailed former Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko began a hunger strike in protest of "President Yanukovych's reluctance to sign the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement".〔(Jailed Tymoshenko on hunger strike over EU U-turn by Ukraine ), Euronews (25 November 2013)〕 A 26 November 2013 statement by Ukrainian Prime Minister Mykola Azarov saying "I affirm with full authority that the negotiating process over the Association Agreement is continuing, and the work on moving our country closer to European standards is not stopping for a single day" did not appease protesters who blockaded the government building during the cabinet session during which Azarov made the above-mentioned statement. The same day the city of Kiev installed a heating tent (hot tea and sandwiches were served) at Maidan Nezalezhnosti, where about 2,000 students were rallying.〔 According to ''Kyiv Post'' this was part of an "Ukrainian authorities' attempt to portray themselves as allies with the demonstrators who, in many cases, are calling for the government to resign if it doesn't sign an association agreement with the European Union this week".〔 The same day it was reported that social media accounts of protesters were being hacked and disreputable messages being posted in place of rally news and commentary.〔 On 26 and 27 November 2013 Lithuanian Parliament Speaker Loreta Graužinienė and Polish Sejm Member Marcin Święcicki spoke to the protesters at Maidan Nezalezhnosti.〔 Musical acts like Ruslana put on performances for demonstrators on Maidan Nezalezhnosti.〔〔 (Руслана Лижичко разом із однодумцями оголосила голодування на майдані ''Ruslana together with like-minded hunger strike on Maidan'' ), TSN (25 November 2013)〕 On 27 November it was reported that the Kharkiv Polytechnical Institute staff allegedly checked class attendance, threatening truant students who attend the pro-EU rallies in Kiev with expulsion. In other universities, administrators forbade students from joining pro-EU protests, posting political commentary to social media networks, and wearing Ukraine-EU ribbons.〔 According to Euronews the protesters in Kiev numbered ten thousand people, many of them students.〔 At noon of 28 November (the eighth day of protests) about 3,000 people gathered on Maidan Nezalezhnosti; no party symbols were reported, only Ukrainian flags and European Union flags.〔 The crowd grew to 4,000 by the evening while it was again entertained by popular Ukrainian artists.〔〔(Musicians liven up EuroMaidan stage ), ''Kyiv Post'' (29 November 2013)〕 On 29 November 2013, it became clear that Ukraine did not sign the Association Agreement at the Eastern Partnership Summit in Vilnius. The number of protesters in Kiev swelled to 10,000.〔(Ukraine fails to sign landmark deal at EU summit ), Euronews (29 November 2013)〕〔(Ukraine's rejection of EU deal brings rival rallies at home ), Euronews (29 November 2013)〕〔(Ukraine opposition demands leader resign after EU snub ), Seven News (30 November 2013)〕 In Lviv, protesters numbered some 20,000.〔 As in Kiev the Lviv protesters locked hands in a human chain, symbolically linking Ukraine to the European Union (organizers claimed that some 100 people even crossed the Ukrainian-Polish border to extend the chain to the European Union).〔〔 Euronews reported that protesters in Kiev believed the rally should go on and were calling for the second Azarov Government's and President Viktor Yanukovych's resignation.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Timeline of the Euromaidan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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